The Genesis and Comparative Analysis of Preferential Taxation of Dividends and Capital Gains on Shares

The subject of the research is the system of taxation of corporate income in the form of dividends and profits received from capital gains on shares in Russia and abroad. The purpose of the work is to systematize the foreign experience of taxation of dividends and critically assess the feasibility of implementing elements of foreign methodological tools of preferential taxation in Russia. The relevance of the research is due to the fact that the growth of the Russian economy requires the formation of a stable capital market that provides the corporate sector with the necessary financial resources. In the context of sanctions restrictions, the outflow of foreign investors and limited opportunities to use external sources of financing, the development of the domestic capital market depends on many factors, in particular, on the availability of a well-developed methodology for taxation of dividends and profits from capital gains on shares.The article analyzes the global practice of using instruments of preferential taxation of dividends and profits received from capital gains from the sale (disposal) of shares. The risks and disadvantages of a conceptual change in approaches to taxation of intercorporate dividends are identified. The instruments for implementing tax policy through conditionally targeted tax incentives for these types of income are systematized. Proposals have been made to improve Russian tax policy by eliminating low-effective tax preferences for capital gains on shares (stakes) owned by the organization for more than five years, and exempting cross-border dividends from taxation within the framework of the BRICS or the EAEU Customs Union as an element of the transition of these integration associations to the next stage of economic integration.

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