The International Economic Decarbonization Agenda: Russia’s View and Response

Abstract

The subject of the research is the process of decarbonization of the world economy as the main trend of global development in the 21st century. The objectives of the work are to assess the prospects of the low — carbon model of economic development, as well as to identify the factors influencing its development in Russia. The article analyzes the global prospects of decarbonization of the economy, the features of low-carbon development in Russia. The volume of total greenhouse gas emissions for individual countries in 2022–2023 has been set. It is projected that after a slight increase in 2024. Global demand for coal, the largest source of carbon dioxide emissions after combustion, will stabilize to a record high by 2027. Three scenarios of energy development are given: “Everything is as it was before”, “Net zero”, “Rational technological choice”. The main directions of countering the negative effects of climate change in the activities of the world’s largest companies have been identified: the use of renewable energy sources, improving energy efficiency, introducing carbon pricing mechanisms and investing in carbon capture technologies, and electrification of transport. The results of the study showed that decarbonization of the economy is an important task for enterprises and society, as it performs a global role in mitigating the effects of climate change, while ensuring sustainable development and stability of the state. Conclusions are drawn about the need for Russia’s transition to a low-carbon economy and countering the use of the climate agenda in the struggle for global energy markets.