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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">etl</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономика. Налоги. Право</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economics, taxes &amp; law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1999-849X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1474</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской Федерации</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26794/1999-849X-2025-18-4-141-155</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">etl-361</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАЛОГИ И НАЛОГООБЛОЖЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TAXES AND TAXATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка макроэкономических эффектов изменения прогрессивности шкалы налогообложения в рамках OLG-модели</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Assessment of the Macroeconomic Effects of Changes in the Progressivity of the Taxation Scale within the Framework of the OLG Model</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9830-3680</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Замниус</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zamnius</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Васильевич Замниус — научный сотрудник центра математического моделирования экономических процессов, Институт прикладных экономических исследований, РАНХиГС; научный сотрудник лаборатории математического моделирования экономических процессов,ИЭП имени Е.Т. Гайдара; аспирант кафедры микро- и макроэкономического анализа экономического факультета, МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова</p><p>Москва</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey V. Zamnius — researcher at the Center for Mathematical Modeling of Economic Processes, Institute for Applied Economic Research; a researcher at the Laboratory for Mathematical Modeling of Economic Processes, Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy, Moscow, Russian Federation; Postgraduate Student at the Department of Micro- and Macroeconomic Analysis, Faculty of Economics, Lomonosov Moscow State University</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zamnius@iep.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">РАНХиГС<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">RANEPA<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>141</fpage><lpage>155</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Замниус А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Замниус А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zamnius A.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://etl.fa.ru/jour/article/view/361">https://etl.fa.ru/jour/article/view/361</self-uri><abstract><p>Предмет исследования — система подоходного налогообложения России. Цель работы — оценка эффектов, полученных от изменения степени прогрессивности шкалы подоходного налога на ключевые макроэкономические переменные. Построена стохастическая модель общего экономического равновесия с перекрывающимися поколениями, где домохозяйства, состоящие из двух супругов, принимают решения об объемах потребления и количестве отработанных часов каждого из супругов. Калибровка модели основана на эконометрических оценках параметров жизненного цикла, построенных для России. Было рассмотрено два сценария: трансферты зафиксированы на уровне базового сценария, весь профицит бюджета уходит на государственные расходы; государственные расходы зафиксированы на уровне базового сценария, весь профицит бюджета уходит на трансферты. В рамках каждого из сценариев было оценено общее экономическое равновесие для различных значений параметра степени прогрессивности шкалы налогообложения. Результаты симуляционного анализа свидетельствуют о классической проблеме компромисса между справедливостью и эффективностью налоговой системы. В результате установлено, что по мере роста степени прогрессивности в первом сценарии наблюдается падение неравенства и выпуска, в то время как в случае второго сценария результат оказался обратным. Сделан вывод, что в целом изменение макроэкономических параметров в ответ на рост степени прогрессивности налоговой шкалы в России оказалось значительно меньше, чем в других странах, в силу, с одной стороны, слабой реакции предложения труда, а с другой стороны, высокой степени неприятия риска на фоне короткого горизонта планирования, из-за чего потенциал налоговой и трансфертной политики как инструмента в борьбе с неравенством в России представляется умеренным.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The subject of the study is the Russian income tax system. The purpose of the work is to evaluate the effects of changes in the degree of progressivity of the income tax scale on key macroeconomic variables. A stochastic model of general economic equilibrium with overlapping generations is constructed, where households consisting of two spouses make decisions about the volume of consumption and the number of hours worked by each spouse. The calibration of the model is based on econometric estimates of life cycle parameters built for Russia. Two scenarios were considered: transfers are fixed at the level of the baseline scenario, the entire budget surplus goes to government spending; government spending is fixed at the level of the baseline scenario, the entire budget surplus goes to transfers. Within the framework of each scenario, the overall economic equilibrium was estimated for different values of the parameter of the degree of progressiveness of the taxation scale. The results of the simulation analysis indicate the classic problem of compromise between fairness and efficiency of the tax system. It was found that as the degree of progressivity increases, inequality and output decrease in the first scenario, while in the case of the second scenario, the result turned out to be the opposite. In general, the change in macroeconomic parameters in response to the increasing degree of progressivity of the tax scale in Russia turned out to be significantly less than in other countries, due to, on the one hand, a weak labor supply response, and, on the other hand, a high degree of risk aversion, which is why the potential of tax and transfer policies as a tool in the fight against inequality in Russia appears to be moderate.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>модель общего равновесия</kwd><kwd>модель перекрывающихся поколений</kwd><kwd>подоходный налог</kwd><kwd>прогрессивное налогообложение</kwd><kwd>неравенство</kwd><kwd>эластичность предложения труда</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>general equilibrium model</kwd><kwd>overlapping generation model</kwd><kwd>income tax</kwd><kwd>progressive taxation</kwd><kwd>inequality</kwd><kwd>elasticity of labor supply</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Статья подготовлена в рамках государственного задания РАНХиГС. Институт прикладных экономических исследований РАНХиГС, Москва, Российская Федерация.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Blundell R., Pistaferri L., Saporta-Eksten I. Consumption inequality and family labor supply. American Economic Review. 2016;106(2):387–435.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Blundell R., Pistaferri L., Saporta-Eksten I. Consumption inequality and family labor supply. American Economic Review. 2016;106(2):387–435.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Theloudis A. Consumption inequality across heterogeneous families. European Economic Review. 2021;136.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Theloudis A. Consumption inequality across heterogeneous families. 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