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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">etl</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономика. Налоги. Право</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economics, taxes &amp; law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1999-849X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1474</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской Федерации</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26794/1999-849X-2024-17-4-145-154</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">etl-312</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАЛОГИ И НАЛОГООБЛОЖЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TAXES AND TAXATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Зарубежный опыт фискальных механизмов преференциальной экономики</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Foreign experience of fiscal mechanisms of preferential economy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2636-6567</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полежарова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polezharova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Людмила Владимировна Полежарова — доктор экономических наук, главный научный сотрудник Центра научных исследований и стратегического консалтинга, факультет налогов, аудита и бизнес-анализа, профессор кафедры налогов и налогового администрирования; Советник государственной гражданской службы Российской Федерации 1-го класса, Почетный работник Министерства Российской Федерации по налогам и сборам, член Международной налоговой ассоциации IFA</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila V. Polezharova — Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Chief Researcher of the Center for Scientific Research and Strategic Consulting, Faculty of Taxes, Audit and Business Analysis, Professor of the Department of Taxes and Tax Administration; Adviser to the State Civil Service of the Russian Federation, 1st Class, Honorary Employee of the Ministry of Taxes and Duties of the Russian Federation, member of the International Tax Association IFA</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">LVPolezharova@fa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9586-1107</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волков</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkov</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Денис Максимович Волков — стажер-исследователь Центра научных исследований и стратегического консалтинга, факультет налогов, аудита и бизнес-анализа, аспирант факультета налогов, аудита и бизнес-анализа; руководитель отдела налогового планирования Lamoda, член Союза «ПНК», член комитета по налогообложению АЕБ, член Экспертного совета ТПП РФ по совершенствованию налогового законодательства и правоприменительной практики</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Denis M. Volkov — Intern Researcher at the Center for Scientific Research and Strategic Consulting, Faculty of Taxes, Audit and Business Analysis, postgraduate student at the Faculty of Taxes, Audit and Business Analysis; Head of the Lamoda Tax Planning Department, member of the PNK Union, member of the AEB Taxation Committee, member of the Expert Council of the Chamber of Commerce of the Russian Federation on improvement of tax legislation and law enforcement practice</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">230363@edu.fa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Финансовый университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Financial University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>145</fpage><lpage>154</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Полежарова Л.В., Волков Д.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Полежарова Л.В., Волков Д.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Polezharova L.V., Volkov D.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://etl.fa.ru/jour/article/view/312">https://etl.fa.ru/jour/article/view/312</self-uri><abstract><p>Предмет исследования — фискальные инструменты преференциальной экономики, предусматривающей установление особого льготного режима налогообложения бизнеса при проведении научных исследований и опытно-конструкторских работ (НИОКР) и инновационной деятельности в странах ОЭСР, ЕС и экономиках-партнерах. Цели работы — определение инструментов стимулирования коммерциализации НИОКР и выделение общих тенденций развития данных инструментов и налоговой политики развитых стран в секторе НИОКР. Продемонстрировано наличие практически во всех исследованных странах инструментов налоговой поддержки коммерциализации НИОКР и их применение наряду с предоставлением налоговых льгот по расходам на НИОКР для стимулирования инноваций на разных этапах жизненного цикла объектов интеллектуальной собственности. Установлено, что объемы такой поддержки неуклонно растут. Режимы налогообложения доходов от НИОКР за рубежом соответствуют минимальному стандарту BEPS Action 5, направленному на более эффективное противодействие вредным налоговым практикам, которые могут наносить ущерб другим юрисдикциям. Выделены характеристики налоговых льгот в отношении НИОКР на основе дохода. Сделан вывод о необходимости внедрения в России минимального стандарта BEPS Action 5 при стимулировании ИТ-отрасли и существенного расширения налоговых стимулов по доходам для коммерциализации прорывных технологий и инноваций.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The subject of the study is the fiscal instruments of the preferential economy, which provides for the establishment of a special preferential business taxation regime for research and development (hereinafter referred to as R&amp;D) and innovation activities in the OECD countries, the EU and partner economies. The objectives of the work are to identify tools to stimulate the commercialization of R&amp;D and highlight general trends in the development of these tools and tax policies of developed countries in the R&amp;D sector. The availability of tax support tools for the commercialization of R&amp;D in almost all the studied countries and their application, along with the provision of tax incentives for R&amp;D expenses to stimulate innovation at different stages of the life cycle of intellectual property objects, is demonstrated. It has been established that the volume of such support is steadily growing. Tax regimes for income from R&amp;D abroad comply with the minimum standard BTPS Action 5, aimed at more effectively countering harmful tax practices that may harm other jurisdictions. The characteristics of income-based tax benefits for R&amp;D are highlighted. It is concluded that it is necessary to introduce the BEPS Action 5 minimum standard in Russia in order to stimulate the IT industry and significantly expand income tax incentives for the commercialization of breakthrough technologies and innovations in other industries.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фискальные инструменты</kwd><kwd>коммерциализация НИОКР</kwd><kwd>налоговые льготы</kwd><kwd>квалифицированная прибыль</kwd><kwd>инновационная политика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fiscal instruments</kwd><kwd>commercialization of R&amp;D</kwd><kwd>tax incentives</kwd><kwd>qualified profit</kwd><kwd>innovation policy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена по результатам исследований, выполненных за счет бюджетных средств по государственному заданию Финуниверситету в 2024 г.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was prepared based on the results of research carried out at the expense of budgetary funds under the state assignment of the Financial University in 2024.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пинская М. 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