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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">etl</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономика. Налоги. Право</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economics, taxes &amp; law</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1999-849X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-1474</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской Федерации</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26794/1999-849X-2025-18-1-41-52</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">etl-272</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИКА И УПРАВЛЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Дуальность современной монетарной политики развитых стран</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Duality of Modern Monetary Policy in Developed Countries</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4178-8677</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хмыз</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khmyz</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Васильевна Хмыз - кандидат экономических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры международного бизнеса</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Hmyz - Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Assoc. Prof., Assoc. Prof. of Department of International Business</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">khmyz@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Финансовый университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Financial University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>52</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хмыз О.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хмыз О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khmyz O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://etl.fa.ru/jour/article/view/272">https://etl.fa.ru/jour/article/view/272</self-uri><abstract><p>Объект исследования - монетарные политики развитых государств (США, ЕС, Великобритании и Японии).Предмет исследования - инструментарий проводимых развитыми странами монетарных политик, меняющих свое направление с рестриктивных на экспансионистские векторы, поскольку эффективность неконвенциональных мер монетарных политик в современных условиях подвергается большому сомнению.Цели работы - установление причин изменения направлений монетарных политик развитых стран в 2024 г. и анализ их воздействия на национальные финансовые рынки, экономический рост и экономическую активность в целом. Подтверждено инфляционное влияние принятых в ковидные времена монетарных мер поддержки экономики, продолжающих оказывать влияние на развитые страны и по сей день. Отмечена интенсификация альтернативных инвестиций в сложных геополитических условиях. По результатам анализа сделаны выводы о необходимости смены направления монетарной политики в развитых странах и перехода к политической дуальности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The object of the study is the monetary policies of developed countries (USA, EU, Great Britain and Japan).The subject of the study is the toolkit of monetary policies implemented by developed countries, which are changing their direction from restrictive to expansionary vectors, since the effectiveness of unconventional monetary policy measures in modern conditions is highly questionable.The objectives of the work are to identify the reasons for the change in the directions of monetary policies of developed countries in 2024 and to analyze their impact on national financial markets, economic growth and economic activity in general. The inflationary impact of monetary economic support measures adopted in difficult times has been confirmed, which continue to have an impact on developed countries to this day. The intensification of alternative investments in difficult geopolitical conditions was noted. Based on the results of the analysis, conclusions are drawn about the need to change the direction of monetary policy in developed countries and transition to political duality.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>монетарная политика</kwd><kwd>процентные ставки</kwd><kwd>ключевая ставка</kwd><kwd>монетарное смягчение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>monetary policy</kwd><kwd>interest rates</kwd><kwd>key rate</kwd><kwd>monetary easing</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Катасонов В. Ю., Битков В. П. и др. Деньги, кредит, банки. 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